Description

Classification of rectal prolapse Rectal prolapse is a condition in which the rectum protrudes or falls out through the anus. It can be classified into different types based on the severity and extent of the prolapse. Here's a short classification of rectal prolapse: 1. Partial or Mucosal Prolapse: In this type, only the inner lining of the rectum (mucosa) protrudes through the anus during bowel movements. The prolapse typically retracts back into the rectum spontaneously or with minimal manual manipulation. 2. Complete or Full-Thickness Prolapse: This type involves the full thickness of the rectal wall protruding through the anus. The prolapse may occur during bowel movements or may be present externally all the time. Manual reduction is required to return the prolapse back into the rectum. 3. Internal Intussusception: Also known as internal prolapse or rectal intussusception, this type involves a telescoping or folding of the rectal wall, leading to the rectum sliding into itself. It is not visible externally and requires diagnostic tests such as defecography or imaging studies to diagnose. It's important to note that rectal prolapse can also be classified based on the underlying cause or associated conditions. Treatment options for rectal prolapse depend on the type and severity of the prolapse, and may include lifestyle modifications, pelvic floor exercises, medical management, or surgical intervention. A healthcare professional specializing in colorectal disorders can provide a comprehensive evaluation and recommend appropriate treatment options for rectal prolapse. Signs and symptoms of rectal prolapse Symptoms of rectal prolapse can vary depending on the severity and duration of the prolapse. Here are some common symptoms associated with rectal prolapse: 1. Visible Protrusion: The most characteristic symptom of rectal prolapse is the visible protrusion or bulging of the rectal tissue through the anus. Initially, the prolapse may only occur during bowel movements and retract back into the rectum afterward. In more severe cases, the prolapse may persist outside the body or occur with minimal or no trigger. 2. Discomfort or Pain: Rectal prolapse can cause discomfort or pain, which may range from mild to severe. This can include a feeling of fullness, pressure, or aching in the rectal area. Pain can be worsened during bowel movements or when sitting for extended periods. 3. Bowel Dysfunction: Rectal prolapse can lead to changes in bowel habits. Individuals may experience difficulty initiating or completing bowel movements (straining), a sense of incomplete evacuation, or a feeling of needing to have a bowel movement more frequently than usual. 4. Leakage of Stool or Mucus: Some individuals with rectal prolapse may experience leakage of stool or mucus from the rectum between bowel movements. This can result in soilage of undergarments. 5. Hemorrhoids or Anal Fissures: The prolonged presence of a rectal prolapse can lead to the development of hemorrhoids (swollen blood vessels in the anus) or anal fissures (tears in the lining of the anus), which can cause additional discomfort, pain, or bleeding. It's important to note that these symptoms are not exclusive to rectal prolapse and can be caused by other conditions as well. If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional, such as a gastroenterologist or colorectal surgeon, for proper evaluation and diagnosis Cause of rectal prolapse The exact cause of rectal prolapse is often multifactorial and may involve a combination of several contributing factors.