Description

A duodenal ulcer, also known as a peptic ulcer, is a type of ulcer that forms in the lining of the duodenum. The duodenum is the first part of the small intestine, which connects to the stomach. Duodenal ulcers are one of the most common types of peptic ulcers. These ulcers develop when the protective lining of the duodenum is eroded, leading to the exposure of the underlying tissue to stomach acid and digestive enzymes. What are the symptoms of duodenal ulcer Duodenal ulcers are open sores that develop in the lining of the duodenum, the first part of the small intestine. The most common symptom of a duodenal ulcer is abdominal pain. Here are the typical symptoms associated with duodenal ulcers: 1 Abdominal pain: The primary symptom of a duodenal ulcer is a burning or gnawing pain in the upper abdomen. The pain is usually located below the breastbone (sternum) and may radiate to the back. It tends to occur a few hours after eating, often on an empty stomach or at night. Eating or taking antacids can temporarily relieve the pain. 2 Nausea and vomiting: Some individuals with duodenal ulcers may experience nausea and vomiting, especially if the ulcer is severe or if there is obstruction in the digestive tract. 3 Feeling of fullness or bloating: Many people with duodenal ulcers may feel bloated or have a sensation of fullness, even after eating small amounts of food. 4 Heartburn and acid reflux: Duodenal ulcers can cause symptoms similar to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), such as heartburn and regurgitation of stomach acid into the throat. This occurs because the ulcers disrupt the normal functioning of the lower esophageal sphincter, allowing stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus. 5 Loss of appetite and unintended weight loss: Chronic pain, discomfort, and other digestive symptoms associated with duodenal ulcers can lead to a decreased appetite and unintended weight loss over time. 6 Blood in the stool: In some cases, duodenal ulcers can cause bleeding, leading to the presence of blood in the stool. The stool may appear dark and tarry (melena) or have visible bright red blood. It's important to note that some individuals with duodenal ulcers may not experience any symptoms or may have mild symptoms. Additionally, the symptoms can vary in intensity and may come and go. If you experience persistent or severe abdominal pain or any concerning symptoms, it's important to seek medical attention for proper diagnosis and treatment. What are the causes of duodenal ulcer Duodenal ulcers are primarily caused by a combination of factors that disrupt the balance between the protective mechanisms of the stomach and duodenum and the damaging effects of stomach acid and digestive enzymes. The two most common causes of duodenal ulcers are: 1 Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection: H. pylori is a type of bacteria that can infect the lining of the stomach and duodenum. It is the most common cause of duodenal ulcers. The bacteria weaken the protective lining of the stomach and duodenum, making them more susceptible to damage from stomach acid and digestive juices. H. pylori infection is usually acquired during childhood and can persist for many years if left untreated. 2 Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): Regular and long-term use of NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen, aspirin, naproxen, and diclofenac, can increase the risk of duodenal ulcers. These medications can irritate and erode the protective lining of the stomach and duodenum, leading to the development of ulcers. NSAIDs inhibit the production of prostaglandins, which are substances that help protect the stomach and duodenum from damage. Therefore, long-term NSAID use can disrupt the natural protective mechanisms of these organs.