Description

Choledocholithiasis is a condition in which gallstones, which are small solid deposits, get stuck in the common bile duct. The common bile duct is a tube that carries bile from the liver and gallbladder to the small intestine. When gallstones obstruct the bile duct, it can cause symptoms such as abdominal pain, jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), and digestive problems. Choledocholithiasis usually requires medical intervention to remove the gallstones and restore normal bile flow. Signs & Symptoms of CBD stones When a person has choledocholithiasis, which is the presence of gallstones in the common bile duct (CBD), they may experience various symptoms. These symptoms can vary in intensity and may include: Abdominal Pain: The pain is typically located in the upper right side of the abdomen, near the liver and gallbladder. It can be a constant or intermittent pain and may radiate to the back or shoulder blades. Jaundice: When the CBD is obstructed by gallstones, it can cause a buildup of bilirubin in the bloodstream. This can result in yellowing of the skin and eyes, known as jaundice. Other associated symptoms of jaundice include dark urine and pale stools. Digestive Issues: Choledocholithiasis can lead to digestive problems, such as nausea, vomiting, and bloating. Fever and Chills: If the bile duct becomes infected due to the blockage, it can result in a fever, along with chills and an overall feeling of illness. Itching: Some individuals may experience generalized itching, which is a result of the buildup of bile salts in the bloodstream. It's important to note that not all individuals with CBD stones will experience symptoms. However, if you have any of the aforementioned symptoms, especially severe abdominal pain or jaundice, it is crucial to seek medical attention for proper evaluation and management. Causes of CBD stones The formation of common bile duct (CBD) stones, also known as choledocholithiasis, is often related to the same factors that contribute to the formation of gallstones. The common causes of CBD stone formation include: Gallbladder Stones Migration: In most cases, CBD stones originate in the gallbladder. They form when there is an imbalance in the components of bile, such as an excess of cholesterol or bilirubin. Over time, these stones can migrate from the gallbladder into the common bile duct. Gallbladder Removal: Individuals who have previously undergone surgical removal of the gallbladder (cholecystectomy) can still develop CBD stones. In some cases, stones that were not initially detected or were left behind during the surgery can later travel into the CBD. Bile Duct Narrowing or Blockage: Narrowing or blockage of the bile ducts can lead to the formation of CBD stones. This can occur due to various factors, such as scarring or inflammation of the ducts, tumors, or strictures. Biliary Tract Infections: Infections of the biliary tract, such as ascending cholangitis, can contribute to the formation of CBD stones. The infection can cause changes in the composition of bile, leading to stone formation. Other Risk Factors: Certain medical conditions, such as primary biliary cirrhosis and Caroli disease, can increase the risk of CBD stone formation. Additionally, previous gastrointestinal surgeries or procedures that involve the bile ducts can also increase the likelihood of developing CBD stones. It's important to note that the exact cause of CBD stone formation can vary among individuals. Multiple factors, including genetics, lifestyle, and underlying medical conditions, can influence their development. If you have concerns about CBD stones or related symptoms, it's advisable to consult with a healthcare professional for a proper evaluation and appropriate management Complications of CBD stone CBD (common bile duct) stones, or choledocholithiasis, can lead to various complications if left untreated or if there are significant blockages in the bile duct. Some of the complications associated with CBD stones include: Biliary Obstruction: CBD stones can obstruct the flow of bile, causing a backup of bile in the liver and gallbladder. This can result in biliary colic (recurrent episodes of severe abdominal pain), jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), and dark urine. Cholangitis: When the CBD becomes blocked by stones, it can lead to inflammation and infection of the bile ducts, a condition known as cholangitis. Symptoms may include fever, chills, abdominal pain, jaundice, and an overall feeling of illness. Cholangitis is a serious condition that requires immediate medical attention and treatment with antibiotics. Gallstone Pancreatitis: If a CBD stone blocks the pancreatic duct, which carries digestive enzymes from the pancreas to the small intestine, it can result in inflammation of the pancreas, known as gallstone pancreatitis. This condition can cause severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and can be life-threatening if not promptly treated.

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